1. Short title

This Act may be cited as the "Surface Transportation Weather Safety Gap Analysis Act of 2025".

2. Study on weather-related hazards and gaps in surface transportation safety

(a) Definitions - In this section:

(1) Comptroller General - The term "Comptroller General" means the Comptroller General of the United States.

(2) Secretary - The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Transportation.

(3) Study - The term "study" means the study required under subsection (b).

(b) Study - The Comptroller General and the Secretary shall conduct a joint study on—

(1) weather-related hazards; and

(2) gaps in surface transportation safety relating to weather-related hazards.

(c) Requirements - In conducting the study, the Comptroller and the Secretary shall consider and evaluate—

(1)

(A) Federal programs (including pilot programs) and grants that address weather-related transportation safety; and

(B) whether and the extent to which those programs and grants—

(i) reduce crash risk;

(ii) reach rural areas; and

(iii) support real-time traveler notification;

(2)

(A) State, local, and Tribal practices for integrating weather data with traffic management; and

(B) any barriers to such integration;

(3) the role of emergency management, law enforcement, and incident command in closure or evacuation relating to weather-related hazards;

(4) any resource constraints, including with respect to information technology, with respect to enhancing surface transportation safety with respect to weather-related hazards;

(5) cost-benefit estimates for proposed interventions for enhancing surface transportation safety with respect to weather-related hazards;

(6) relevant privacy considerations;

(7) best practices relating to weather-related hazards and surface transportation safety; and

(8) any legislative or administrative recommendations to close any gaps in surface transportation safety identified.

(d) Report - Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller and the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a joint report describing the results of the study, including any legislative or administrative recommendations to close any gaps in surface transportation safety identified.